Error correction is a built-in feature of QR codes that allows them to be read even when part of the code is damaged, dirty, or obscured. QR codes use Reed-Solomon error correction at four levels (L, M, Q, H), where higher levels can tolerate more damage but require a denser code pattern. This is the mechanism that makes it possible to place a logo over a QR code without breaking scannability.
The designer set error correction to the highest level so the company logo could be placed over the center of the QR code without affecting scannability.
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